The Between Faith And Reason Essay - 1201 Words

Saint Augustine, Aquinas, and Dante are all philosophers that question and analyze the balance between faith and reason in human life. All three men are on personal journeys to better understand not only themselves, but their faith as well. Although the three have different writing styles, Augustine’s The Confessions, Aquinas’ Summa Contra Gentiles, and Dante Alighieri’s The Divine Comedy, all share the common theme of faith and reason. These pieces of writing are extremely influential, which are why they continue to be studied today. Faith and reason will always be a popular topic for discussion. It can be difficult as a Catholic to accept the connection between the two However, these three writers have used each other’s ideas to build and create theories to show the importance as to why both faith and reason need to work together. Saint Augustine’s journey to self-understanding ignites a fire. Augustine’s ideas are responsible for the theories of other philosophers who came after him. When it comes to the relationship between faith and reason, Augustine believes that it is necessary to have faith when seeking understanding. â€Å"But though I held these truths sometimes more strongly, sometimes less, yet I always believed both that You are and that You have a care of us even if I did not know what I must hold as to Your substance, or what way leads to You-- or leads back to You. Thus, since men had not the strength to discover the truth by pure reason and therefore we neededShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship between Faith and Reason1369 Words   |  6 PagesESSAY FaithReason â€Å"Faith and Reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth† Explain the dangers for a theologian when faith and reason are divorced from each other. Use at least one example of a Christian teaching that shows the harmony of faith and reason The harmony of faith and reason are the grounds upon which many Christian teachings are built. This relationship enhances elements of both constructs, however the danger of separating reason from faithRead MoreThe Interdependence Between Faith and Reason766 Words   |  3 Pagesargument between faith and reason may be just another way for people to simplify things. It may very well be an excuse. People may want to cling to an extreme, which is reason or faith, because of personal bias. But faith is not simply the act of believing in God. Faith comes to use in everybody’s lives, regardless or not if they are atheists, theists, or agnostics. It is as useful as reason is. Faith cannot be seen as the polar opposite of reason. It must be seen as a companion to reason. There isRead MoreThe Tension Between Faith and Reason Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesEntering the ancient discussion about the tension between faith and reason is not an easy task. Of course, when engaging in tensi ons it is always important to define terms. For the sake of consistency I will refer to Oxford’s online dictionary for both the definition of faith, as well as reason. Faith is â€Å"complete trust or confidence in someone or something.† Reason is â€Å"a cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event.† These are the definitions that will be used throughout this paperRead MoreChristianity : A Delicate Delineation Between Faith And Reason1153 Words   |  5 Pagesdelineation between faith and reason. At times, the two seem mutually exclusive. During the early stages of Christianity, church fathers argued about the roles of Athens and Jerusalem in Christianity. Some, like Tertullian, insisted Christianity consisted solely of Jerusalem, or faith alone. Others, like St. Augustine and Clement of Alexandria, argued that all truth stems from the character of God, and is thus viable to the Christian. They united Athens and Jerusalem, reason and faith. T he interplayRead MoreHow Does The Knowledge Of God Involve Faith And Reason?1268 Words   |  6 Pages3393A Professor: Jeffrey Reid Due: November 3, 2015 Spinoza, Lessing, Jacobi, Mendelssohn How Does the Knowledge of God Involve Faith and Reason? Midterm Exam Jacobi and Mendelssohn have two opposing views as to the position faith and reason when considering the knowledge of God. Jacobi advocates faith while Mendelssohn prefers reason. They are on opposite sides of the pantheism controversy. In pantheism, God is omnipresent. Everyone can learn to intellectually love GodRead MoreThe Holy Of The World1321 Words   |  6 Pagesexists. Faith and knowledge have to be debated by many scientists around the world for various reasons. â€Å"†¦There is not enough evidence anywhere to absolutely prove God, but there is adequate evidence to justify the assumption or the faith that God exists† (Thomas, p. 263). â€Å"Now we believe, not because of thy speaking: for we have heard for ourselves, and know that this is indeed the savior of the world† (John 4:42). Both of these views represent mutually exclusive ideas of biblical faith. We areRead MoreThe Great Conversation Of History1573 Words   |  7 PagesIn life, there is a constan t battle ensuing over faith and reason. Those two things are constantly feeding off of each other in someone’s mind when making a decision. Over time in which some say is a great conversation about history this battle is changing. The Great Conversation of history spans over many eras where the questions of faith and reason are always things battling for a spot in our minds, but they shouldn’t be in battle because they are very much dependent on the other. Among the timeRead MoreEssay on Kierkegaards View on Faith1045 Words   |  5 PagesKierkegaards View on Faith Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher in the mid 1800s. He is known to be the father of existentialism and was at least 70 years ahead of his time. Kierkegaard set out to attack Kant’s rational ethics and make attacks on the Christianity of our day. He poses the question, how do we understand faith? He states that faith equals the absurd. In â€Å"Fear and Trembling†, he uses the story of Abraham and his son Isaac to show an example of faith as the absurd. The story ofRead MoreNo Knowledge Can Be Produced By A Single Way Of Knowing1391 Words   |  6 Pagesformation. In some cases, the Ways of Knowing are interacting so closely together that it is often hard to differentiate between them, for example emotion and reason, or imagination and memory. Given the right circumstances faith can be isolated to a point where it can be acting by itself to produce knowledge. However, this knowledge is often deemed as unreliable, due to faith being seen as one of the more â€Å"sub jective† ways of knowing. This inability to differentiate the ways of knowing from eachRead MoreTo Know Divine Revelation, We Must Understand How Faith and Reason Work636 Words   |  3 Pagesneed to understand how faith and reason work. Through history faith and reason have been presented to humanity in different ways; sometimes as two separate branches, which are independent and do not interact at all, and sometimes both complementing one another. Faith and Reason work together so that God’s plan of salvation reaches humanity and saves us from original sin, by knowing this mankind is able to know the truth about the world and about themselves. Faith and reason work together in order

Secondary Research - 3401 Words

AO3: Secondary Research- Introduction- Starbucks is a global coffee company that currently has a relatively small product range. They offer a group of different coffees, snacks, cold drinks and even coffee accessories (merchandise). However, after doing a lot of research I feel that they have a gap in their market. I feel that adding a food hall to their chain of stores would be successful. This could potentially be very risky for the business as it means they are entering a market they don’t really have any experience in with products they aren’t used to. The food halls will not be an extension onto the existing stores; they will be a completely different brand, following in the footsteps of John Lewis and Waitrose. Though, it won’t†¦show more content†¦This is one of the most competitive global industries due to the great amount of competition. The grocery market changes constantly. How well a business is doing can change drastically in such a small period of time. However, luckily a lot of the key businesses in the grocery sector such as Tesco (who holds currently 30.7% of the market shares) and ASDA (who hold17.2%) are not key competitors to Starbucks as they have a different target audience. To ensure that the business becomes a key player in the grocery market; competing with the likes of Waitrose (holding 3.9%) it will need to produce and release strong, effective promotional campaigns. Organisational Structure- Starbucks has many different employees, in order for the communication to run smoothly between all of these there needs to be some form of organisation within the business. From doing some research I found that they in fact use the matrix structure. This structure ensures that the CEO isn’t dealing with all of the problems within the business. The employees turn to the person above them in the structure. This is an example of a matrix structure. For Starbucks, Howard Schultz will be at the top of the structure and the baristas of the stores will be at the bottom. This is an example of a matrix structure. For Starbucks, Howard Schultz will be at the top of the structure and the baristas of the stores will be at the bottom. Competitor Analysis- WhenShow MoreRelatedSecondary Research1650 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment:- Values and Weaknesses of the secondary research and How primary research supplements secondary research Contents 1.0 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 1.1Research definition†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 1.2 Secondary research †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 1.3 Advantages of secondary research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 1.4. Disadvantages of secondary research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 2.0 How primary research supplements secondary research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 2.1 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay Secondary Research808 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Process Questionnaire Robert Mike Moore COM/112 September 8, 2011 University of Phoenix Research Process Questionnaire 1. What is research and its purpose in academic writing? What qualifies as effective research? Research is a way for an author to expand on an idea, discussion, or topic that provides legitimacy to the work. Basically, research is a methodical approach to any topic a person wishes to know more about, and it helps to provide supporting details to the writingRead MoreMain Advantage Of Secondary Data For My Research969 Words   |  4 PagesSecondary Research Secondary data is data collected from other reliable sources. Common sources of secondary data include census reports, Government records, newspaper articles and many more. Secondary research plays vital role in any kind of research. This is as of now gathered and accessible. Secondary data has the upside of being accessible quickly, is frequently cheap and simple to get yet the weakness is that it may not meet all the needs of research. Advantage The main advantage of secondaryRead MoreEssay on Marketing Research: Primary vs. Secondary Research1195 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Research: Primary vs. Secondary Research â€Å"Primary data are gathered specifically for the research project at hand. Secondary data is data that have been previously gathered for some other purpose.† (Burns Bush, 2006). This paper will explore the differences in primary and secondary research when using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The paper will further discuss the tools that are used for each approach. Quantitative Qualitative Approaches â€Å"Quantitative research is definedRead MorePrimary vs. Secondary Research Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesPrimary vs. Secondary Research When conducting research, when is it conducive to use primary research over secondary research and vice versa? Both research techniques are viable and beneficial. They each have purpose and can be used as a marketing research template when conducting research. Both techniques are equipped with tools that can be used to guide a researcher through the research process. If these tools are properly adhered to, the research process can be seamless and quite effective.Read MorePrimary and Secondary Marketing Research Essay836 Words   |  4 PagesPrimary and Secondary Marketing Research When looking to add a new product to the market, traditionally five steps occur in marketing research and lead to marketing actions. Of these five steps, step number three covers the collection of marketing data. Marketing data can be collected through either primary research or secondary research. The goal of this assignment is to describe both primary and secondary research, provide examples of each and determine how the author’s organization could benefitRead MoreResearch And Analysis Of Secondary School Students3085 Words   |  13 PagesRESEARCH FINDINS AND ANALYSIS 4.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter shows the results from both quantitative and qualitative research methods. This research is implemented by completing questionnaires by secondary school teachers and students. The questionnaires were completed by 200 teachers and 144 students. Also, four secondary school teachers (from private and public secondary schools) participated in the qualitative research method (semi-structured interview). The interviews were via telephone. TheRead MoreMt 355 Unit 4 Assignment External Secondary Research585 Words   |  3 PagesMT 355 Unit 4 Assignment External Secondary Research https://homeworklance.com/downloads/mt-355-unit-4-assignment-external-secondary-research/ Conducting external secondary research can help support the need for a study when addressing a management problem identified for a marketing research proposal. In this assignment, you will demonstrate your ability to conduct secondary research to inform a proposal for a new product idea. In this assignment, you will engage in the development of theRead MoreSecondary School And Gender Differences Regarding Self Esteem And Coping Research825 Words   |  4 Pagesself-esteem and coping research. Recommendations for future research are presented in the view of strengths and limitations of this study. Initially, this study aimed to explore the levels of self-esteem of early adolescents at the end of primary school and gender differences regarding self-esteem. Secondly, it attempted to examine the type of coping strategies that early adolescents employ and gender differences regarding the different coping strategies. The first main finding of this research indicated thatRead MoreA Research Study On Secondary School Teachers Perceptions Of Ipad Integration And The Meanings1775 Words   |  8 Pagesdeciding on a research question, a researcher must map out how the research will be conducted by creating a research plan. When designing a research plan there are a number of variables to consider, including deciding which research method to use. According to Creswell (2013), a research method is a set of criteria for how data is collected, analyzed, and interpreted. The author also explained that the chosen method is based upon the researcher’s philosophical assumptions and the research design (Creswell

Ancient Chinese Art Forms Essay Example For Students

Ancient Chinese Art Forms Essay Category:HistoryPaper Title:Ancient Chinese Art FormsText:Chinese art is known as one of the worlds oldest found art forms, with piecesdating back to 1500 BC. There are many different mediums used in Chinese art,such as sculpture, painting, and architecture. Sculptures were often mad ofjade, ivory, or glass. Sculpture flourished during the time of the Ming(1368-1644) dynasty. Although Chinese painting styles became very popular in the Tang (618-906)and Sung (960-1279) dynasties, the human form was often disregarded. FollowingTaoist and Confucian ideas, people were left out so as not to intrude on theorderly magnitude of nature. Throughout the later Ming (1368-1644) dynasty,the human figure and still life became more accepted and of greater importance. * * *Peach VaseQing Dynasty, Qianlong period (1736-1795). This vase is a beautiful example of the Chineses use of ceramics withlaquers and enamels. This vase rivaled Western artists achievements in oilpaints with highly advanced opaque enamel colors. Made in the 18th century, thisvase is symbolic of peace and longevity, as it shows the peach in all stages oflife at the same time. This vase sits 50.3 cm high. * * *Deer EwerTang dynasty (618-907)Changsha ceramics, such as this ewer were the first to have paintings paintedon them under the glaze, so as to prolong the painting and colors. The mostwidely used designs were flowers and birds. Anything that added to theatractiveness of the piece was considered. Even so, man-made items such asbuildings or bridges were never seen. Very rarely a piece will be founddepicting the human figure in the form of women and children, but never men. * * *Jade Dragon and Phoenix3rd Century BC, period 480-221 BC. The pendant is dated back to 300 BC. The pendant was most likely used asornamentation for the upper class. The style used to carve this piece representsflowing elegance, shown in its wonderfully sloping curves. Jade, being and extremely hard stone, was never carved. In this case it hadbeen ground and drilled into shape, and polished to a sparkling finish. BibliographyIndianapolis Museum of Art, www.ima-art.org/. Copyright 2000, IndianapolisMuseum of ArtEncyclopedia.Com, www.encyclopedia.com/chinese-art/. Copyright 2000,Encyclopedia.ComHistory

Laura Martin free essay sample

Laura Martin is a sell-side equity analyst at CSFB. She covers 15 large capitalization stocks and focuses on 2 industries. Martin estimated that she spent approximately 40% of her time analysing firms she covered, 35% communicating that analysis to buy-side clients and 25% on internal CSFB activities. Martin has covered the cable industry for the last 5 years. During that time, she had tried to differentiate herself from her competitors through an emphasis on more advanced valuation techniques. While most of her competitors were content with metrics such as EBITDA multiples, Martin had chosen to emphasize discounted cash flow analyses and EVA analyses. Recently, her attention had shifted to real options analysis as she felt other valuation metrics neglected an important aspect of the cable industry. ROIC Target Price Analysis Using regression analysis, Martin analysed the relationship between ROIC and the valuation of cable and entertainment companies as defined by the ratio of enterprise value to average invested capital. We will write a custom essay sample on Laura Martin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Martin projected that Cox would improve its ROIC by 0.8% or 80 basis points, in 1999. Martin then used the regression line to estimate the target enterprise value to average invested capital multiple. Adjusted for non-consolidated assets, other assets, cash and option proceeds and debt, Martin inferred a target price for Cox by year-end 1999 of $50. This ROIC â€Å"Target Price† Analysis indicated to Martin that Cox had significant upside potential relative to its current stock price of $37. 50. EBITDA Multiples Analysis The valuation of Cox Communications has been framed by Martin in the form of EBITDA multiples since it is a common metric in the cable business. In Exhibit 6, Martin compares how Cox currently traded as a multiple of EBITDA relative to how it would trade if Martin’s target process of $50 and her projections for EBITDA would be realized. According to this analysis, Cox currently traded at 13. 3X EBITDA and Martin’s target price would translate into a 20. 9X EBITDA multiple for 1999. This analysis reflected only the past figures and doesn’t account for different accounting practices. A dynamic industry makes it difficult to find comparable firms for valuation using multiples. Ques 2. Consider the DCF analysis presented in Exhibit 7. Based on the case contents, comment on how realistic the assumptions are, justify? From the DCF analysis presented in Exhibit 7, we see that the value of Cox Communications comes out to be $54. 29 per share which presents a 31% upside in the stock based on the current price. This is a very high stock valuation so we need to look into the assumptions made while calculating the DCF value. EBITDA growth rate has been assumed to be a highly optimistic estimate of 16% CAGR for the next 10 years. Perpetual growth rate of 4. 4% has been assumed which is a realistic assumption. Concern over CAPEX decreasing as capital will depreciate to nothing over time. The capital structure remains unchanged at 18% debt to capital ratio. Risk free rate has increased to 5. 359% from 5. 12% so the cost of equity is raised to 10. 69% and the WACC increases to 9. 42% Martin was too optimistic in her assumptions. If we do the DCF using our inputs then we find that the value comes out to be $41. 10 per share which is a 9. 6% premium over the market price. Ques 3. Why is Martin pushing real options valuation as an alternative to DCF analysis? Martin felt that discounted cash flow analysis was a significantly better valuation toll than EBITDA multiples but it had several shortcomings in the new digital world of the cable industry in particular; Martin noted that the previous analysis did not include the value from unused bandwidth capacity. Martin considered the DCF valuation unsatisfactory for these unused channels because companies are being hit for 100% of the capital spending but only the visible revenue streams from the existing services are being counted for the DCF valuation. Since the stock price of Cox was below the DCF valuation and since the DCF valuation did not incorporate the value of the stealth tier, Martin reasoned that the stealth tier was actually being ignored by the market. Thus Martin felt that by incorporating the Real options valuation in her investment thesis she could differentiate herself from her competitors and provide better value to her clients. Ques 4. What is the analogy Martin is trying to draw with options? What is the ‘stealth tier’? In what way is the stealth tier like a call option? What is the unit of analysis? What is the underlying asset price? What is the Strike price and Volatility? Martin turned to real options to value ‘stealth tier’ since she considered the stealth tier as a real option for cable companies such as Cox as they could potentially light up the stealth tier as new, currently immature or unknown interactive services were developed. According to Martin, the contingent nature of investment decision and the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate revenue streams made the stealth tier ideal for valuation through real option analysis. As financial options give holders the right, but not obligation, to buy securities, this real option gave each upgraded cable company the right, but not the obligation, to obtain revenues from the stealth tier, depending on market conditions. Real option analysis has been used in several industry settings including natural resources extraction and pharmaceuticals research. Cable companies were upgrading cable infra to have 750 MHz of bandwidth and additional 15% to 550 MHz by June 1999. Out of the 750 MHz of capacity in an upgraded cable plant, 550 MHz was typically devoted to analog video and another 98 MHz was dedicated to digital services, network control, telephony and internet services. The remaining 102 MHz comprised of 6 MHz channels and was essentially unused. This unused capacity of 102 MHz was called stealth tier as the revenue streams were invisible. In order conduct a real options valuation of stealth tier, Martin considered the best approach was to value the option of each channel of the stealth tier per home passed. Martin used the average current market value per home passed for a typical cable company of $2,500 which was further divided by 108 lit channels currently being employed to yield a current value of channel per home passed of $23. 15 which is the value of underlying asset (Exhibit 10). For strike price, she calculated the cost of light up one of the seventeenth channels of the stealth tier which was coming close to zero. She eventually considered the higher opportunity cost of not lighting up the fiber immediately. With 61% penetration rate, implied annual revenue of $263 or $2.44 ($263/108 channel) per channel translated into $1. 22 (cable industry margin of 50%) of foregone annual profit per channel per home passed which is the strike price. She used implied volatility from a traded at-the-money call option on the Cox stock to estimate the relevant volatility for the real option. A one-month call option traded in the market was priced to imply a volatility of 50% per year. Ques 5. Would you purchase Cox Communications on the basis of her analysis? Investment recommendation will be to buy Cox Communications since there is significant upside potential in the stock even with our conservative estimate.

The Island of Crimea Review Essay Example

The Island of Crimea Review Paper Essay on The Island of Crimea To my great surprise and shame, I found that in general do not know anything about the fate of the so-called Island of Crimea (OK), where at one time hid the remnants of the White Army, which preserved a shaky independence of any State. So I can not tell you how truthful Aksenov, telling his story of a dashing, as it is adequately and accurately describes the events, taking into account that the main character becomes a significant personality in the history of OK. I had to take his word. The book reads quickly, easily and never gets stuck)) Of course, something with which the ideas in the novel can be argued (in particular, reading the article the main character of Stalin, I dropped out in sediment from extremism Go to IV may be treated differently but sO ?! however, it is not so important), but in general, the novel made a good impression as the plot of his, and the subtext. It is the author of some of the sketches failed bytovuhi. About a drunken old man who became attached to the young man in the street because he sniffed at the empty shelves in the store. And because they all are! All right! And makaronki here! And the sardines! Or about the election, when people queued from early in the morning before the opening of polling stations rose to be the first to vote for a single party. Chertyaka Aksenov, an ulcer that has)) We will write a custom essay sample on The Island of Crimea Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Island of Crimea Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Island of Crimea Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The book is at all surprisingly varied here and farce (described sauna sessions) and drama (family relations of heroes), and frivolous novel (main character sex almost ezhenochno and often with a different partner Sometimes it is not the same Sometimes it is not only a partner), and comedy (domestic sketches) and tragedy (end OK), and the absurd and surreal true (adventure Tatiana Lunina after escaping from the airport) -.. it all mixed up in a sharp little mix. Very spicy. Sauce with spices. It seems that too many things to go well? But no! All very well, naturally and safely digest. And it seems that all the ingredients are familiar, but the result is something special Read it, if you suddenly fall under the hand bored just will not P.S!. Maybe someone znae as all the same Crimea attached? So was it all like Aksyonov wrote? .. Curiously, the right word

Free Essays on Road Rage

Road Rage: Causes and Solutions Almost all drivers have experienced some occurrence of road rage. Most of these occurrences are as innocent as a rude gesture, but some drivers have lost their lives because of them. â€Å"Traffic is a cooperative activity†, when a driver decides to take control of the road, the consequences can again be fatal. Almost every driver on the road has been involved in one incident or another, no one is immune from road rage, and therefore it affects us all. Road rage is an act of aggression that can destroy the life of an innocent driver, but current research is helping drivers cope with the stress of everyday life on the road. Many cases of road rage are by simple misunderstandings. Whether it is that, a driver was not looking before he turned, or a he forgot that he forgot turn signal the signal on, people tend to take things the wrong way. Because of this, the term â€Å"road rage† was born. There are thousands of recorded accidents every year as a result from a simple mi sunderstanding on the road. For example, â€Å"an average of at least 1,500 men, women, and children are injured or killed each year in the United States as a result of aggressive driving† .The number 1,500 may seem like a lot, but that statistic taken from a report back in the mid 1990’s. Today, studies estimates that there were about 84,000 road rage incidents last year alone. That is exactly 56 times greater than what it was a few years ago. Not all of these incidents involved physical injuries, but they recorded all as aggressive incidents. Anyone can be at fault in a road rage situation. Race, sex, religion, age, or any other human characteristics, play no role in determining a common offender. Frequently, accidents of aggressive driving have tended to involve more than a simple rude gesture or a vile word. On many occurrences, drivers used weapons to vent their frustration on the road, â€Å"Without exaggeration, millions of... Free Essays on Road Rage Free Essays on Road Rage Road Rage What is causing people to act out in violence towards one another when poor judgment is used on the nation’s highways? Drivers of today experience a daily lesson in defensive driving while trying to maintain a polite reserved attitude. When careless drivers cut someone off, the â€Å"normal† reaction is to honk the horn, flash the lights, and in some cases, flip the old faithful finger. Nowadays, there are an alarming number of violent retort towards tailgaters and otherwise reckless drivers. The major cause of road rage stems from traffic congestion, and the lack of people’s patience. With the population growing at a faster rate than our roadways, major traffic jams are more frequent. This in itself is a big stressor. When this is accompanying a driver with the typical overstressed day, patience begins to fade rapidly and tensions may rise beyond control. This is the birth of road rage. Cases of road rage are reported not only nationwide, but also worldwide. Dominic Connell, a psychologist with the Automobile Association (AA) in Britain and author of a 1995 study titled â€Å"Road Rage,† states, â€Å"It is very difficult to communicate with someone in another car.† Occasionally it is difficult to determine the intentions of reckless drivers. Whether the driver’s recklessness is derived from poor driving skills, traffic induced stress or just plain rudeness, the retributions of victims are steadily becoming more violent. (38-41) On today’s busy highways, road rage has become a serious epidemic. A report recently published by the AAA foundation for traffic safety in Washington D.C., shows evidence of the serious incidents that occurred in the East Bay of California. It says, â€Å"A good Samaritan stops to help a stranded motorist during the morning commute, then tries to get back on the freeway in front of a creeping truck. The pickup driver would not let him in. The good Samaritan becomes violent and p... Free Essays on Road Rage Road Rage: Causes and Solutions Almost all drivers have experienced some occurrence of road rage. Most of these occurrences are as innocent as a rude gesture, but some drivers have lost their lives because of them. â€Å"Traffic is a cooperative activity†, when a driver decides to take control of the road, the consequences can again be fatal. Almost every driver on the road has been involved in one incident or another, no one is immune from road rage, and therefore it affects us all. Road rage is an act of aggression that can destroy the life of an innocent driver, but current research is helping drivers cope with the stress of everyday life on the road. Many cases of road rage are by simple misunderstandings. Whether it is that, a driver was not looking before he turned, or a he forgot that he forgot turn signal the signal on, people tend to take things the wrong way. Because of this, the term â€Å"road rage† was born. There are thousands of recorded accidents every year as a result from a simple mi sunderstanding on the road. For example, â€Å"an average of at least 1,500 men, women, and children are injured or killed each year in the United States as a result of aggressive driving† .The number 1,500 may seem like a lot, but that statistic taken from a report back in the mid 1990’s. Today, studies estimates that there were about 84,000 road rage incidents last year alone. That is exactly 56 times greater than what it was a few years ago. Not all of these incidents involved physical injuries, but they recorded all as aggressive incidents. Anyone can be at fault in a road rage situation. Race, sex, religion, age, or any other human characteristics, play no role in determining a common offender. Frequently, accidents of aggressive driving have tended to involve more than a simple rude gesture or a vile word. On many occurrences, drivers used weapons to vent their frustration on the road, â€Å"Without exaggeration, millions of...

Computer Networking and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Computer Networking and Management - Essay Example y or through a communication channel), and there may be a probability that an unauthorized person can access the secret keys during their transmission. (‘Harvard style’, n.d.a) Secret-key systems require the sharing of some secret or sometimes trust of a third party to support authentication. As a result, a sender can repudiate a previously authenticated message by claiming that the shared secret was somehow compromised by one of the parties sharing the secret. For example, the Kerberos secret-key authentication system keeps copies of the secret keys of all uses in a central database; an attack on the database would allow widespread forgery. On the other hand, since each user has sole responsibility for protecting his or her private key, public-key authentication effectively prevents any sort of repudiation; this property of public-key authentication is often called non-repudiation. (‘Harvard style’, n.d.a) Unlike secret-key cryptography, public-key cryptography may be vulnerable to impersonation even if user’s private keys are not available. A successful attack on certification authority will allow an adversary to impersonate whomever the adversary chooses by using a public-key certificate from the compromised authority to bind a key of the adversary’s choice to the name of another user. (‘Harvard style’, n.d.a) RSA, which stands for Rivest, Shamir and Adleman, was the first and most widely used public key cryptosystem. Developed in 1977 by three M.I.T. professors, it is based on the mathematical properties of modulo arithmetic. (‘Harvard style’, n.d.c) Modulo arithmetic is much like normal arithmetic, but only uses integers no longer than a limiting number, the modulus (usually written as m). Any result larger than the modulus has the modulus subtracted from it repeatedly until it is less than the modulus. Thus, instead of the numbers forming a line, modulo numbers can be thought of as forming a ring, when the largest number loops back to

Experimental Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Experimental Methods - Essay Example For this reason, seeing the actual impact of manipulating variables based on the experimentation, on the part of an experimenter will eventually help in gaining insight. The actual application of this is not only confined in a single field, but in all related areas. This means that experimental research methods could be applied in the business context. For instance, in marketing, studying the human behavior in order to understand prevailing needs is very important prior to actual formulation of certain product or service offering. Experimental research methods have major advantages and these include evidence of causality and control (Wimmer & Dominick, 2011, p.239). As stated earlier, an experimenter could manipulate variables and understand the probable impacts of these to other variables. For this reason, there is a remarkable understanding of cause and effect relationship under a controlled situation. Due to a controlled condition, the researcher will have the opportunity to manag e the environment, variables and subjects, leading to extensive understanding of the entire subjects considered. There is a high control of the external factors outside the experimental designs, allowing researchers to control extraneous influences and focus on the existing causal relationship (Fiske, Gilbert, & Lindzey, 2010, p.82; Muijs, 2010, p.19). Experimental research methods could also help solve the problem of the realism of the environment and will open a new door for another set of problems because of the associated replications of findings (Babbie, 2010, p.198). However, experimental research methods could somehow be vulnerable to employ actions that are entirely relevant with deception and ethical considerations (Denscombe, 2010, p.76). This is particularly clear when there is a need to employ control groups in the experiment, so there could be variation of treatments and even hiding something from the respondents just to be able to come up with the relevant and desired information, without any strong influence of extraneous factors. Experimental research methods could be incorporated in the business communication research particularly in finding causal and effect relationship through isolating and controlling variables in a scientific manner (Lam & Bauer, 2008). In today’s advancement of information and technology, there is an actual integration of information systems and business. Experimental research methods are also found to be relevant in information systems research with actual business perspective (Levy & Ellis, 2011). Among experimental research methods, field experiment is commonly employed in various research investigations in line with business concerns. So let us explore some actual applications of field experiments in the business context. Field experiments engaged actual real-life setting of experimental manipulations within a natural environment in which business, economics and management research usually has considerable eng agement because of its external validity to identify causation (Elsevier, 2009). For instance, field experiment usually is used in test marketing of new products or evaluating alternative promotional programs (Al-Ubaydli & Boettke, 2011). In the actual context, field experiment is becoming popular. This research method has remarkable contribution in order to ensure achievement of good business management. To make it more productive, it is

Are the Rights of the Mentally Ill Adequately Protected by Current Essay

Are the Rights of the Mentally Ill Adequately Protected by Current Mental Health Law - Essay Example The Law’s feature Mental Health Law of 2007 amended the MHL 1983, the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005. The amendments introduced major changes relating to the intervention, treatment of patient, and technical definitions, and some ethical considerations e.g. undergoing treatment without the patient’s consent (MHL, 2011; Department of Health and Ministry of Justice, 2011). Other crucial changes in the provisions broaden the professional roles of medical practitioners and other attendants, as well as, accord the patient’s family to seek legal remedies based on just cause (The National Archives, 2011). The law also introduced supervised community treatment (SCT), some safeguards which include age-segregation of patient to favor mentally-challenged youths and children to ascertain that they’d not be integrated in an environment which could deteriorate or aggravate their condition (MHL, 2011; DoH & MoJ, 2011). The amended law also empowered the national government to assume accountability to assist initiatives for independent mental health advocacy (MHL, 2011; DoH & MoJ, 2011). ... Such meant that those who are severely victimized by sexual assaults and violence which has consequential negative or adverse psychological impacts (MHL, 2011; DoH & MoJ, 2011). MHL of 2007 likewise provided the victim such right to be inform about patients’ discharged and it’s anent right for representation. Law not enough? While the amendment have successfully improved the mental health protection services for the patients by vesting more accountability for all medical professionals, but most of these are policy-based which pressed for mandatory roles of medical practitioners in providing appropriate care and services to clients, as well as, some procedural mechanisms that are supposedly inherent in the medical practice. Such simply focused on escalating performance management in mental health facilities and about administering support service for the patients. The larger issue of mental health care is basically improving resource allocation to improve the facilities to meet the goals of better mental health care in these utilities’ operation in response to the problems on mental disorders in all social strata, especially those underprivileged to access these health facilities. While there is effort to improve the intervention on neurological disorders, there remained a challenge about how to increase the services to treat schizophrenia, epilepsy, chronic depression amid scarcity of resources. Such must also facilitate increase research studies on causes of mental disorder that are socially-created which result to mental distress and insanity. These studies must aim to address decrease of disorder prevalence. Thus, it is understandable that authorities should be translating these policies into concrete agenda with

Fear Of Crime Female Vs Male Criminology Essay

Fear Of Crime Female Vs Male Criminology Essay Introduction The level of fear of crime across different groups within the community is a major contributor to the Governments focus on the type of support communities require to maintain the feeling of safety. By understanding the dynamics of fear, we are able to predict areas of likely crime through understanding the psyche of the predator and alpha type crimes along with other illegal activities. Due to the generally accepted level of safety within the majority of Australias westernised communities, a common low level of continuous fear to immediate self is evident. Therefore, to qualify this assessment, the Fear of Crime between genders will be considered across multiple situations rather than localities. The analyses derived in this paper are borne from research surveys delivered across a general and random sample of the local community. This will provide an insight into the relationship between gender and vulnerability to crime; whether it is perceived or actual. The study is limited by num ber of people in one country and can be treated as base for developing further research. Previous Research We all must know and understand fear of crime which is explained as peoples emotional response to crime. It can be safely admitted from the surveys conducted that women has more fear of crime than other population groups. Fear of crime is associated with perceptions of local problems, derived mainly from a high incidence of physical and social incivility. Women have been observed to be amongst the most vulnerable groups. There are number of communities having large fear of crime amongst all the population. The problem can be classified as crime as it serious for any segment of population to live with fear of crime. The fear problem has emerged as serious concern since last three decades, and statistical figures of Australian women indicate that womens fear of crime is greater among those who have lower incomes, those in the older age groups, and those living with a partner. Women fear is characterised by dual nature namely: concrete and formless fear. Concrete fear is the fear associated with certain crimes. The implicit assumption here is that some criminal activities cause more fear than others. For example, rape fear is much more than fear than theft. Formless fear, however, is a more generic or less specific fear of crime. Younger generations have reported higher levels of both types of fear. Studies conclude that younger women reported highest results for concrete fear, or fear of specific crimes. Women consider fear of rape equivalent to fear of murder. Fear is stronger in single as compared to married women. Additionally, experiencing specific offences is better predictor of fear from specific happenings than others. The degree of fear may differ from low to high level. Studies are conducted by providing specific situations to the respondents about the degree of anxiety and fear from the situations. The situations are common in our general routin e e.g. a) walking in their neighborhood at night, b) taking public transport, c) using a parking garage, and d) being home. The response categories are segregated as level of fear as: not at all worried (0), and worried (1). Logistic regression was utilized to determine the effect of demographic, experiential, and behavioral variables on fear in four situations. Majority of women narrated having at least once incidence of violence in last 12 months, approximately two thirds (66.4%) of respondents reported receiving an obscene phone call, while three out of five reported receiving unwanted attention from a stranger. Almost one third (32.4%) reported being followed by a stranger in a way that frightened them. A large proportion of women reported being somewhat or very worried walking in their neighborhood at night (61.0%). Factor of personal income is not significant factor in predicting fear while using public transportation. Women with higher levels of education were 5.2 percent mor e likely to be worried while in the transportation situation, 5.1 percent more likely to report being worried while in a parking garage alone at night, but 3.2 percent less likely to report fear while home alone in the evening (Scott, 2003). Research studies also indicate that women who have already experienced violence, especially victims of domestic violence, become more fearful for crime as against other women. It was surprising to note from the revelations that 58 per cent of female homicide victims have assailants who are intimates/former intimates. These facts provide a strong argument for early intervention to prevent domestic violence and provide assistance to dysfunctional and violent families. In another survey from the sample of 6333 respondents, approximately 70% of the Women felt unsafe when walking alone in their area after dark, which is higher than the percentages reported by the 1996 British Crime Survey (47%) and the 1991 Queensland Crime Victims Survey (45.3%). However, these figures are much lower than the result obtained in a study carried out in Edinburgh in 1992 (Carcarh, Mukherjee, 1999). Fear of Crime in the Home Under the crimes at home, there is important contribution of domestic violence. Under this aspect though domestic violence can impact both genders but the history confirms that chances of crime against women are high. This is mainly due to reason that women may be exposed to domestic violence at home on regular basis. The domestic violence is a crime and involves sexual abuse (whether you are married to the other person or not); physical abuse or assault (for example, slapping, biting, kicking, and threats of physical violence); damage to property or anything you value; economic abuse, that is, when the other person keeps money to which you are legally entitled, emotional abuse (that is, degrading or humiliating behaviour, including repeated insults, belittling, cursing and threats), and any other controlling or abusive behaviour which poses a threat to your safety, health or well-being. It was been amazing to observe that Women living with a partner are likely to experience greater fear of violence. The research shows that even the conclusion drawn by Madrizs (1997) indicated that women victims of domestic violence have to face violence at home and violence on the streets that other women face, which increase their level of fear of crime in the community. Women facing physical violence by males will report fear from crime double than the women who have not experience physical violence at all. These results support Madrizs (1997) finding that women victims of domestic violence have to face violence at home and violence on the streets that other women face, which would increase their level of fear of crime in the community (Carcach, Mukherjee, 1999). The Gender Difference in Fear of Crime Studies have indicated that though both genders are prone to crime but majority of the studies confirm the gender differential is the most consistent finding in the literature on fear of crime. There is reporting of fear of crime by women at levels that are three times that of men (Chan, 2008). Since last three decades, there has been lot of concern about women safety in the police communication in Australia, England, Canada and Wales. Police and local authorities issued safety advice to women. One of the research studies conducted (Grade 1989) focus on crime prevention indicating women as prime consumers of targeted advice about personal safety. However, review of data shows that young men are most at risk to personal violence in public. Despite this, women are considered the most important constituency for guidance about danger. Literature Review The effects of demographic variables on fear are mixed. There may be number of incidents of events which can create fear in the minds. One of such thinking is when people walk alone in ones neighborhood at night. Where many demographic variables increase fear while walking in ones neighborhood or being home alone at night (i.e. lower education levels, lower reported personal income, and living in an urban area). Majority of people understand fear of crime centered on findings using respondents feelings of fear or worry while walking in their neighborhood at night. There is another fear i.e fear of strangers which has been suitably referred to as stranger danger. During childhood, all of us are told to be wary of strangers. Women fear the danger posed by strange men even though statistics show that women are more likely to be victimized by individuals they know. It would appear that they are most afraid of the surprise sexual attack by the unknown assailant, despite the fact that stat istics and public service media campaigns are making women aware of dangers of dating and marital situations. Number of survey reports discuss about the fear of crime and indicate relatively small but statistically significant differences between fear rates expressed by men and women. Majority of women are believed to be fearful of crime; and all men fearless (Gilchrist, 1988). Studies are limited to explain why women might harbor anxiety about their personal safety. Skogan and Maxfield (1981) suggest that womens fear of crime is because of their physical and social openness. Womens fear of sexual assault i.e. fear of rape also causes lack of safety amongst the women. Research Questions This research is to assist with the targeting of safety programs and the determination of focus for future community groups and activities. This paper will address the problem of which gender within the local community fears crime, whether actual or perceived, and the times that they feel most unsafe. By understanding this, programs can be directed towards these groups and the understanding of safety and their options when confronted with a situation can be addressed. Based on collected statically data this paper will directly address the aspects of the genders influence of the fear of crime: Do the different genders fear crime differently? What affect does age have on females fear of crime? Do females feel safer at home during the day or evening? Due to the results of the above previous research and general perception within the Westernised Urban Australian culture, it is expected that females will report a higher level of fear of crime. Because of this the second and third questions within this report will focus on the different generations and locations in which females fear crime; including showing the amounts in which it various. If the results unexpectedly show that males are more fearful of crime, then the questions regarding the female generations and locations effects of their perceived fear are still warranted and are able to be used to target female related programs. Method This analysis utilises data collected by previous research groups over the past few years. This offers the advantage of including the indexing of generations over time allowing a slightly more average and round return compared to a frozen snapshot in time. The survey was conducted across all age groups from varying social-economic backgrounds and cultures. Also the location spread of the survey focuses on South East Queensland however reaches into other states and some samples are returned from overseas (Micronesia). Sampling was conducted via a take home survey with instructions included. There was a directed expectation of integrity of answers, which created minimal cross-contamination. Immediately upon completion, surveys were to be returned via either mail or in person allowing coalition and further reducing the possibility of corrupted samples. Fear of crime will be the dependent variable and will indicate the level of felt across the genders in varying situations. The gender of respondent is the independent variable which is being assessed as to whether it relates to the fear of crime and in addition to gender, age  [1]  and time of day will also be independent variables. All these variables will be determined by the survey responses and the dependent variable will be tested for statistical independence. Analytic Techniques Summary of analysis completed The data is presented in tabular format along with graphs and charts. All descriptive statistics is calculated for each variable on interval or ratio scale. Further, data is analysed using statistical techniques such as chi-square test, one- way ANOVA followed by POST HOC tests, Z-test for comparing mean etc. Level of significance is fixed at 5%. All p-value less than 0.05 will be treated as significant. Dealing with missing data Missing data is almost part of every research. In this study, missing data is limited to a small number of subjects. Hence we opted a list-wise deletion of subjects. Only the subjects with missing data will be eliminated from the study. That is if a subject is missing data on any of the variables used in the analysis, it is completed eliminated. Dealing with outliers, errors etc. Dealing with outliers and errors is very difficult. In this study, we found very less outliers and errors. All subjects with outliers or errors are excluded from the study. Since errors are at random, it makes no much effect on study, if we remove them from the study. Any other problems in completing the analysis (e.g. violations of requirements) Before conducting all parametric tests, all the necessary required conditions are checked and further analysis is done. For parametric tests, normality assumption is checked. All data is found to be approximated normally distributed. Age-wise distribution Gender Frequency Percent Male 162 45.6 Female 193 54.4 Total 355 100.0 Findings Question one or Hypothesis One: Does fear of crime differ by gender? Table gender * Afraid group Cross tabulation Afraid Score Total Afraid Score less than 4 Afraid score between 4-6 Afraid Score above 6 gender Male Count 83 61 16 160 % of Total 23.5% 17.3% 4.5% 45.3% Female Count 53 76 64 193 % of Total 15.0% 21.5% 18.1% 54.7% Total Count 136 137 80 353 % of Total 38.5% 38.8% 22.7% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 34.275a 2 .000 Likelihood Ratio 36.068 2 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association 33.650 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 353 Conclusion: Parsons Chi-square is found to be 34.275 with p-value Respondents Perceived Level of Unsafety While at Home During the Day and Gender gender * safe day Cross tabulation safe day Total Very Unsafe Unsafe Neither safe nor unsafe Safe Very safe Never home alone during the day gender Male Count 1 3 4 35 111 1 155 % of Total .3% .9% 1.2% 10% 32.3% .3% 451% Female Count 3 7 24 72 83 0 189 % of Total .9% 2.0% 7.0% 20% 24.1% .0% 55% Total Count 4 10 28 107 194 1 344 % of Total 1.2% 2.9% 8.1% 31% 56.4% .3% 100% Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 31.670a 5 .000 Likelihood Ratio 33.680 5 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association 24.327 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 344 Conclusion: Parsons Chi-square is found to be 31.670 with p-value Question Two or Hypothesis Two: Are older women more fearful than younger women? Graph age * Fear Group Cross tabulation Fear Group Total Fear Score less than 3 Fear Score between 4 -6 Fear Score above 6 age Age Group 18 -24 Count 12 14 14 40 % of Total 6.3% 7.3% 7.3% 20.8% Age Group 25-34 Count 15 30 13 58 % of Total 7.8% 15.6% 6.8% 30.2% Age Group 34-44 Count 13 14 11 38 % of Total 7.3% 5.7% 19.8% Age Group 45-54 Count 8 9 10 27 % of Total 4.7% 5.2% 14.1% Age Group 55-64 Count 6 6 4 16 % of Total 3.1% 6.8% 2.1% 8.3% Age group 65 and over Count 2 5 6 13 % of Total 1.0% 4.2% 3.1% 6.8% Total Count 56 78 6 192 % of Total 29.2% 40.6% 30.2% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 7.544a 10 .673 Likelihood Ratio 7.512 10 .676 Linear-by-Linear Association .284 1 .594 N of Valid Cases 192 Conclusion: Parsons Chi-square is found to be 7.544 with p-value > 0.05; hence there is no significant association between fear and age group. Hence we can conclude that, age is not associated with fear. Average Score of Female Respondents Fear of Crime and Age e.g. Table or graph, ANOVA Test Descriptive (Fear) N Mean Std. Deviation 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Age Group 18 -24 40 5.1162 2.44853 4.3332 5.8993 Age Group 25-34 58 4.3498 1.91327 3.8468 4.8529 Age Group 34-44 38 4.3447 2.24761 3.6060 5.0835 Age Group 45-54 27 4.8770 2.42666 3.9171 5.8370 Age Group 55-64 16 4.6325 2.57747 3.2591 6.0059 Age group 65 and over 13 6.0692 2.60333 4.4961 7.6424 Total 192 4.7226 2.29671 4.3957 5.0495 ANOVA fear2 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 44.032 5 8.806 1.700 .137 Within Groups 963.469 186 5.180 Total 1007.500 191 Conclusion: there is no significant difference in fear score among various age groups. F= 1.70, p > 0.05, hence we can conclude that the fear score is almost same among persons of all age groups. Female Respondents Received Level of Unsafety While at Home During the Day and Age e.g. Table or graph, ANOVA Test Descriptive (safe day) N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Age Group 18 -24 39 4.3846 .84652 .13555 4.1102 4.6590 Age Group 25-34 57 4.2456 .66227 .08772 4.0699 4.4213 Age Group 34-44 37 4.0000 1.20185 .19758 3.5993 4.4007 Age Group 45-54 26 4.3846 .75243 .14756 4.0807 4.6885 Age Group 55-64 16 4.0625 1.06262 .26566 3.4963 4.6287 Age group 65 and over 13 3.6923 1.03155 .28610 3.0689 4.3157 Total 188 4.1915 .91074 .06642 4.0605 4.3225 ANOVA safe day Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 7.454 5 1.491 1.838 .108 Within Groups 147.653 182 .811 Total 155.106 187 Conclusion: there is no significant difference in safe day score among various age groups. F= 7.454, p > 0.05, there is no significant difference between feeling safety during day score and age. Female Respondents Perceived Level of Unsafety While At Home Alone After Dark and Age e.g. Table or graph, ANOVA Test N Mean Std. Deviation 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Age Group 18 -24 34 9.1765 2.25637 1.3036 17.0493 Age Group 25-34 46 7.9130 1.94569 2.1351 13.6910 Age Group 34-44 33 3.5758 1.25076 3.1323 4.0193 Age Group 45-54 25 1.1760 2.59700 1.0401 22.4799 Age Group 55-64 16 1.5125 3.23787 -2.1284 32.3784 Age group 65 and over 11 2.6364 .92442 2.0153 3.2574 Total 165 8.2364 2.035861 5.1069 11.3658 ANOVA safenite Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 2166.272 5 433.254 1.047 .392 Within Groups 65807.509 159 413.884 Total 67973.782 164 Conclusion: there is no significant difference in safe night score among various age groups. F= 1.047, p > 0.05, there is no significant difference between feeling safety during night score and age. Question Three or Hypothesis Three: Average Score of Female Respondents Fear of Crime and Live Alone E.g. Table or graph, z-test of mean differences Descriptive (Fear) N Mean Std. Deviation 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound Live Alone 121 4.6625 2.32150 4.2446 5.0803 Dont live alone 17 6.1000 2.13131 5.0042 7.1958 Total 138 4.8396 2.34008 4.4457 5.2335 ANOVA fear2 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 30.802 1 30.802 5.823 .017 Within Groups 719.406 136 5.290 Total 750.208 137 Conclusion: there is significant difference in fear score women who live alone and dont live alone at home. F= 5.823, p Female Respondents Received Level of Unsafety While at Home Alone During the Day and Lives Alone E.g. Table or graph, z-test of mean differences Female Respondents Received Level of Unsafety While a Home Alone After Dark and Lives Alone E.g. Table or graph, z-test of mean differences N Mean Std. Deviation 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound Upper Bound safe day Live Alone 119 4.1176 .91296 3.9519 4.2834 Dont live alone 16 3.6875 1.07819 3.1130 4.2620 Total 135 4.0667 .93999 3.9067 4.2267 safenite Live Alone 102 5.5000 13.19747 2.9078 8.0922 Dont live alone 14 2.1429 .77033 1.6981 2.5876 Total 116 5.0948 12.41946 2.8107 7.3789 ANOVA Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. safe day Between Groups 2.610 1 2.610 2.997 .086 Within Groups 115.790 133 .871 Total 118.400 134 safenite Between Groups 138.743 1 138.743 .899 .345 Within Groups 17599.214 114 154.379 Total 17737.957 115 Conclusion: There is no significant difference in fear score of women who live alone and dont live alone at home during day. F= 2.997, p > 0.05, there is significant difference between feeling safety during day score and living alone status. There is no significant difference in fear score of women who live alone and dont live alone at home during day. F= 2.997, p > 0.05, there is significant difference between feeling safety during day score and living alone status. Discussion/Conclusion Summary of Results: how did you answer each question/hypothesis? Each hypothesis is tested for rejection with appropriate test of significance. The level of significance is set at 5%. All p-values greater than 0.05 will be treated as insignificant and the null hypothesis will be accepted. Implications of findings for theoretical explanations In this, out of 355 respondents, 162 (45.4%) are males and 193 (55.6%) are females. This study clearly shows that there is significant association between gender and fear of crime (p 0.05). The level of fear is almost equal among all age groups in women. No significant difference was found in the average score of fear between different age groups of women (p-value > 0.05). There is no significant difference in safe night score among various age groups in women (p-value > 0.05). There is significant difference in fear score among women who live alone and dont live alone at home (p Limitations of the Research There are limitations to this study. Firstly the sample size only pertains to only one country and considering all are local population, the data does not give diversity of opinion. Australia is a country where population has settled form wide range of countries and their cultural differences have not been considered. The survey is conducted only in English and non English speaking women must be unable to report their experiences of victimization. As a result, these indicators lack sufficient data regarding the prevalence of violence against immigrant women as well as some groups of Aboriginal women. Majority of countries are carving out funds for preventing violence against women. The real effect is yet to be seen. Future research is required to look into use of these funds and any improvement the funds could generate. Moreover, due to the different sources of data used in this document, comparisons over time and between jurisdictions have been done. Moreover, quantitative data may have serious limitations. They cannot portray the reality of violence in the lives of individual women the fear such violence instills and the trauma it causes. It is the answers of women themselves that is necessary to provide the context and texture of that reality. Quantitative data always need to be complemented by qualitative data to give an accurate and complete picture of violence against women. The sample sizes do not permit the disaggregation of data on violence against immigrant and refugee women, women of color, women with disabilities, teenage women and girls, older women, women living in poverty, homeless women, women in rural and remote communities and bisexual women. In the absence of sufficient data on women in all their diversity, these indicators cannot provide a complete profile of the experiences of all women in Australia or their experiences of violence through their lifecycles. It was also noted that there is a lack of national data on the individual economic costs of violence against women including costs of the loss of financial supports, legal services, housing, mental and physical health etc. The study has not assumed the percentage of people not reporting crime because of loss of their self reputation. In certain areas, such as violence against women, methodological shortcomings and lack of reporting, or under-reporting, led to inaccurate data collection, and such unreliable or mislea

Increasing :: Computer Science

Increasing The multi-store model of memory has been criticized for its simplicity. Describe and evaluate the multi-store model and contrast it with one other model of memory The purpose of models of memory is to view a larger picture of how the whole system of memory works. One model of memory is the multi-store model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin. The multi-store model of memory (MSM) is an explanation of how memory processes work based on the idea that there are three separate stores. This model can be compared with the working memory model (WM), by Baddely and Hitch, where they give an explanation of immediate memory. The MSM shows that information first arrives at the senses. If attention is focused on it, then it is transferred to short-term memory. It demonstrates information is maintained in STM through rehearsal, otherwise it will decay or may be displaced by new information. Increasing rehearsal leads to transfer from STM to LTM concluding that the more rehearsal, the better information is remembered. A strength of this model would be there is general agreement that there is an STM/STM difference, and this is well supported by the experiential evidence. The MSM is also the basis of many late models, even if they were then divided into further STM and LTM stores. However, The model of memory has been criticized for its simplicity. It does not sufficiently explain LTM, as rehearsal doesn’t explain all LTM memories, e.g flashbulb memories. The MSM is over simplified and in practice, there are no clear differences between stores of memory. It presents a passive view of memory and cannot account for active processes such as reconstruction. Research shows that memory does consist of a series of different stores that are linked by rehearsal, as described by the MSM. However, there is more to memory than this, which is explained in other models of memory. For example, the WM is a refinement of the MSM, describing what is happening in immediate storage in terms of a further set of stores specialised for auditory and visual information. The working memory model was proposed by Baddely and Hitch to represent short-term memory in terms of further sub-divisions. WM consists of 3 components: Central executive, phonological loop and a visuo-spatial sketchpad. The Central executive acts like attention and has limited capacity. The phonological loop deals with auditory information and preserves the order of information. Visuo-spatial sketchpad stores visual and spatial information when engaged in such tasks. The model explains how simultaneous performance of two visual tasks interfere with each other, but not when one task is visual and the other auditory.

Promoting autonomy of oneself and others Essay

Introduction                     Autonomy is the ability to have the capacity for self-governance or have self- determination. This is a concept which comes out through various arenas. For example, the moral autonomy is usually governed by the moral laws ( Deci, 2010). Therefore, personal autonomy can be said to be the capacity of a person to pursue actions based on moral content. This paper will compare the philosophical work by Nietzsche and MacIntyre and determine who offers the best tool of promoting autonomy. Over the past centuries, the teachings of Friedrich Nietzsche have transformed and penetrated every realm of social culture in the Western world. In his essays, he examines the significance of people’s ability to make promises. He states that to hold to the promises made requires both confidence about the future and very powerful memory that will ensure that certain issues are not forgotten. According to Nietzsche confidence requires one to be predictable or calculable and, therefore, he or she must share common sets of customs and laws that govern his or her behaviour (Risse, 2001). The society and morality play an important part of making a person predictable, therefore, giving the person ability to make promises. This process according to Nietzsche is complicated as it ends up in the ‘sovereign person’ who can make decisions, not only because the person in question is bounded by social mores but because he or she is the master of his or her own free will. The sovereign of an individual is characterised by tremendous responsibilities of one being free to make claims in regard to his or her future. This sense of responsibility according to Nietzsche is called conscience (Risse, 2001). Nietzsche defines the concept of ‘bad conscience and guiltiness using German words for ‘debt’ and ‘guilt.’ He suggested that, originally, there were no relationship between guilt and accountability or immorality. Punishments were meted on the basis of reprisal and not on the basis of guilt. If a person failed to honour promises, then they were considered to be in debt the person they failed. The debt could then be balanced by punishing or torturing the person. This happened to a person say the creditor who had no interest of getting his money back from the debtor. Thus, the memory of making promises during this time was burdened and the punishments and cruelty ensured that the debtor does not forget his promises next time (Risse, 2001). Macintyre’s in his book, ‘After Virtue (1981)’ explains his long ethical project. The book diagnoses the rising issues in the society such as ‘culture of emotivism’ where the moral language pragmatically manipulates decisions, attitude and decision. According to the book, those moral cultures are said to be a theatre of illusion where the objectives of moral rhetoric masks the decisions. The books examine the part of the community in making the judgments about the truth or falsity. The work by MacIntyre also examines the reasons why human beings need virtues through investigating the social debts and needs of human agents and the part which they were playing in the formation of an independent practical person who can reason (Borden, 2007). The philosophy by Maclntyre’s is very important especially to the fields of communitarian politics and the virtues of ethics. He points out the insignificance of conventional business ethic as an application of the modern moral concepts in decision making. His work in philosophy has lead tremendous renewal of values over the last decades. For example, in his works his discusses the moral condemnation of Stalinism. His presentation of this concept draws two important conclusions related to morality, one is the fact of the people’s solidarity in discovering what people want in their moral life (Borden, 2007).. According to MacIntyre morality organises life of the community. As he concludes his book, he says that the concepts of morality are neither historical nor timeless and, therefore, the understanding the developments of historical, ethical concepts can liberate people from any falsity claims (Borden, 2007). MacIntyre’s Aristotelian offers the best tool of promoting autonomy of one self and others compared to Nietzsche because he examines the habits that humans should develop in order to make judgement and act efficiently in the pursuit of the true choices which have a worthy end. His examination has a very rich account on the deliberate activities by human that encompass moral formation and society life. He also accounts why humans have practical wisdom to do what is right based on the freedom of morality. References Borden, S. L. (2007). Journalism as practice: MacIntyre, virtue ethics and the press. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). The support of autonomy and the control of behavior. Journal of personality and social psychology, 53(6), 1024.Risse, M. (2001). The Second Treatise in In the Genealogy of Morality: Nietzsche on the Origin of the Bad Conscience. European Journal of Philosophy, 9(1), 55-81. Source document

Creatine Response essays

Creatine Response essays Contrary to the popular belief, not every single person will respond to creatine monohydrate. Approximately 20-30% of the people who try to use creatine in order to gain muscle mass will not be affected in normal circumstances. These nonresponders may not always be unresponsive to creatine administration. Under certain circumstances, such as taking the creatine monohydrate along with high glycemic sugars (sugars that are quickly absorbed into the blood stream), the desired results may be attained. People who may not necessarily benefit as much from creatine supplementation are those individuals who have a naturally high level of creatine in their blood due to liver production. Also, older people and very young people such as children seem to respond less to creatine supplements. Less known to the general public is creatines medical use. Even though touted for its effects on helping to increase muscular mass, creatine monohydrate can also be used as a therapeutic agent. Studies at McMaster University in Canada have shown that people suffering from muscular dystrophy have had positive results when creatine was given to them. While creatine cannot cure muscular dystrophy, it can certainly improve the quality of life for a person suffering from this disease. Creatine also can be useful in helping people ailing from Huntingtons disease or ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Lou Gehrigs disease). A study by Cornel University Medical Center proved showed that the taking creatine supplements by people suffering from neuromuscular diseases such as ALS or MD shows better maintenance (up to 100% better) than some prescription drugs. According to the Cornell study, the reason for ALS improvement is that there is an increased availability of energy to injured nerve cells or to a blocking of the chemical pathway that le ads to cell death. ...

application essay essays

application essay essays Life is an adventure. When I was four years old I heard Yo-Yo Ma in Shanghai and immediately knew that was what I wanted to do with my life. I began private lessons and then enrolled in the Shanghai Conservatory where I completed my schooling. Then, to fulfil my dream of being a fine cellist, I moved to Calgary, Canada and spent the next year studying English and cello at Mount Royal College. Since 2000, I have been attending North Park University in Chicago, under full scholarship, and have been studying cello with Professor Hans Jensen at Northwestern University. I am now a senior at North Park University and so am considering how best to pursue advanced musical studies as my dream is still to become a professional musician. I have been searching for an institution that would help make that dream a reality. Juilliard is, of course, a wonderful music school and attracts a very high calibre of students and instructors. I believe it would be a great experience to have the opportunity of being able to work with them. I just performed a student recital at North Park University with Midori and she strongly suggested that I should seek out opportunities to work with highly skilled musicians. As well, I am obviously attracted to the extraordinary depth and range of cultural institutions in New York City, including the New York Philharmonic, the world-renowned musicians who perform at Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall, and both the Metropolitan Opera and New York City Opera Companies. I am sure that being exposed to all this would add depth and understanding to my development as a musician. Access to these and associated musical opportunities is of great value to any serious student of music. My studies under Prof. Jensen have helped a great deal with my musical development but I believe that I am at the stage where I can greatly benefit from a focused, conservatory-like music school. Also, I believe I would be particularly comfort...

The attitude of American public towards GM food Research Paper

The attitude of American public towards GM food - Research Paper Example GMO food production has identified seven main areas which concern the human safety test in the consumption of the foods and include the study of the DNA and the nutritional contents which are introduced in the new food product and the analysis of the chemical composition of the plant parts as well as the allergens. The human safety test also includes the estimate of the toxicological or nutritional problems which may be encountered by the consumer and the risk of transferring microorganisms in the gene transfer process (Weise, 44). The use of genetically modified (GM) ingredients in food production has attracted a lot of controversy. Public attitude towards these products has being highly negative in most of the developing countries especially Japan and some European countries. The consumer negative attitude in these countries has being attributed to the skepticism on the unknown health and environmental effects of the GMO foods (Tait 4). The negative attributes of the GMO foods has being identified as the spre4ad of the pest resistance herbicide, body allergic responses and the herbicide tolerance on the wildlife plants and the consequent toxicity of the wildlife. However, the full benefits of biotechnology will only be realized when the producers consider the GMO foods to be safe to their health and beneficial. Although many public attitudes towards the GMO foods have been done in the recent past, the public attitudes towards biotechnology seem to be sharply different between countries and the time of the study (Knowledge 5). The consumer attitudes towards biotechnology have been surveyed in Europe and USA over the past decades. From the global perspective, GMO foods have been one of the contentious issues in the society due to economical and technical benefits which are offset by the human health and the environmental impact (Nikki 34). The increase in multinational corporations and economic power of the GMO manufacturing companies has impacted the quality o f the GMO foods and threatened the traditional farming in rural societies in most of the rural developed countries. This paper will review the attitudes of the American public towards the GMO foods over the recent years. Studies in US have indicated that consumers have positive attitude towards the GMO foods compared with consumers in Europe and Japan. For instance, a study carried out by Daniel and Mark in 2001 indicated that 70 percent of the respondents were willing to pay a higher price for GMO foods (Heslop 214). In the US, the consumer makes the decision to purchase the GMO foods based on the uncertainties and the probabilities which are assigned to the consumer risk of the consumption of the GMO foods. The consumption of the foods results to certain payoff utilities which the consumers perceive to receive from the consumption (Macilwain 54). The perceived risks from the consumption of the GMO foods are derived from the future costs which the consumer expects to incur from the decision to consume GMO foods and carry probabilities which are different from one consumer to the other. The perceived risk stems from one of the following sources with the first one being the influence of the media in the

Marketing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Marketing management - Essay Example As marketing strategy, Slick has chosen to use the song â€Å"Sharp Dressed Man† to popularize its products. Slick’s products will be endorsed by the band, ZZ Top. Slick chose this band and that specific song because; its lyrics depict how a smart man should look like. In this song, ZZ Top talks about how a man puts on a silk suit, a clean shirt, a black tie, cufflinks, and new shoes (Beard, Hill, & Gibbons 1983). As the song goes, every girl likes a man who is sharp dressed. All this encompasses the essence of Slick, which is to give working class men that enviable look. It is important to know one’s competition in business (Berry, 2012). Slick’s major competitor is â€Å"Masculine†, a mall that also specializes in men’s wear. Located a few meters from Slick, Masculine puts pressure on Slick to ensure proper service delivery to customers. Unless Slick meets customer needs, then the latter may decide to leave for Masculine. Both Slick and Masculine are one-stop shopping areas, where their customers can shop for both clothes, and shoes. Just like Slick, Masculine targets middle-class working men. Both enterprises also offer matching accessories to accompany their clothes. However, one major difference between Slick and Masculine is that, Slick conducts promotions for their goods after every six months, while Masculine does not have any promotions on their products. Another difference is in service delivery, where Slick offers home deliveries for purchased products, whereas Masculine’s customers pick up the products

The feasibility of different techniques for providing fresh water to Research Paper

The feasibility of different techniques for providing fresh water to arid regions of the world - Research Paper Example To make matters worse, the little water received in these areas is usually not safe for domestic, agriculture and commercial use and there an urgent need to provide fresh water. To do so, policy makers explore various fresh water provision techniques as discussed in subsequent sections of this report. 2.0 Fresh water provision techniques In endeavors to provide fresh water to the arid regions of the world, different techniques are employed that include ground water drilling, desalinization and piping techniques. These techniques often vary from those employed in areas where precipitation is high. Therefore, climatic conditions in arid regions dictate to a large extent what technique(s) is most appropriate. Key issues in water provision and water resource management which dictate appropriate techniques will include availability of adequate supply, conservation measures, cost effectiveness, pricing and sustainability. 2.1 Ground Water Drilling Technique Ground water is normally obtaine d from aquifers through drilling and piping the water to the surface for various uses. This technique involves identification of areas in arid regions that have sufficient and quality underground water for agriculture, domestic and commercial use. The technique is more preferred to its low cost of establishment compared to other techniques like desalination. To ensure sustainable use of underground water, policy makers and regulatory authorities establishes water databases through registration of wells and their yields, documenting water composition, control of drilling in all phases and regular monitoring of water table and changes in salinity. However, the challenge with this technique is that over time demand for fresh water has increased both socially and economically requiring more wells to be dug. For example, over the last 3 decades, demand for water within the United Arab Emirates and other Gulf states which are often classified as arid regions, was estimated to increase fro m 4,250Mm3/ year in 1980 to 35,395Mm3/ year by 2010 (Alsharhan et al 2001, 277). Therefore, this means that governments in arid regions have to drill more wells or explore alternative fresh water supply techniques. This water supply technique faces various challenges relating to quality and sustainability. One, underground water may contain dissolved solid substances whose value is above the established norm. Establishing these levels require sophisticated technology which is costly and often not at the disposal of most governments in arid regions. Where levels are higher than the benchmark standard, such wells have to be closed or alternative technologies to reduce the hazardous effects of these particles employed (California Environmental Protection Agency 1995, 5). For example, high fluoride levels are common in arid regions where fluoride levels have to be reduced to the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce effects of tooth decay and bone weakening. In addition, underground water

Course Project Essay Example for Free

Course Project Essay (A). Law Review Article: Tristin K. Green, Discrimination in Workplace Dynamics: Towards a Structural Account of Dispute Treatment Theory, 38 HARV. C. R-C. L. L. REV. 91 (2003) (B). Government Agency Website:http//hreoc. gov. au/about/mailing-lists/index. html Section two Gender Discrimination Worker Type Employee Handbook Undocumented Workers Marital Status Employee Freedom Family Responsibility Employee Privacy Pay and Hours Health and Safety Section three Jury finds Curtiss-Wright liable in gender bias case. Oct. 25, 2006. This was a case whereby Curtiss-Wright who is a maker of aircraft electronics lost a $9M verdict when a woman executive was passed over for a promotion and later fired because of her gender. This case is very much relevant to Ms. Collins’ . As is clear, one of Ms. Collins claims is that she has never been promoted since she joined `ABC’ as an account executive since 1989. Again all the male employees hired during the same time and with the same classification as hers have evidently been promoted one to four times and have a salary to boot. $1. 6M Suit Alleges Gender Discrimination. March 22, 2004 In this case, former chemical engineering assistant professor, Lynn Russell, filed a 1. 6M suit against the university as she alleged gender discrimination and breach of contract. The suit claims chemical engineer chair discriminates against female junior faculty and undermined Russell’s tenure. This case is relevant to Ms. Collins as it is an evidence of her claims of being discriminated against. It is a strong indication that gender discrimination does exist. Tropicana Sued for Discrimination Against Pregnant Woman. Sept. 12, 2003. A federal law suit was filed by The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission against Tropicana Casino Resort alleging it violated a pregnant employee’s civil rights. According to 32 year old Elizabeth of Lancaster, she was fired 24 hours after she informed her boss about her condition who refused to allow her to work part time claiming the job was performance related. This particular case is very much relevant to that of Ms. Collins as it is evident that employers do not put into consideration that women are likely to go on maternity leave as a result of pregnancy. Again, at times one will call in sick. Like in Ms. Collins case, she is always getting home on emergency calls as she has disabled child who suffers from severe medical and emotional problems. Does it mean that she will lose her job when she requires an immediate leave to attend to her child? Robinson may settle Lawsuit for $15Mril 13, 2006 C. H Robinson, a transportation logistics company is said to have reached what is said to be a tentative settlement with former and current women employees over the allegations of gender discrimination in pay and promotion. This is so much like Ms. Collins case whose main cry is low pay and being passed over for promotion. EEOC Accuses Die Maker of Bias Against Women. July 24, 2003 The government says that a Northeast Ohio tool-and-die maker has deemed women too weak to work in the company. This is a clear indication that employees overlook women when it comes to certain jobs just like in Ms. Collins case where she says that her employee claims that she does not fit the image right for the higher positions. Section four Brown O. Judith, Subrin N. Stephen, Baumann T. Phyllis, Some Thoughts about Social Perception and Employment Discrimination Law: A Modest Proposal for Keeping the Judicial Dialogue, 46 EMORY L. J. 1487 (1997) Godsil D. Rachel, Expressivism, Empathy and Equality, 36 U. MICH. J. L. REFORM 247(2003)

Slavery position with writers :: essays research papers

The issue of slavery in the nineteenth century produced an overwhelming issue in society. There were some writers that favored slavery and then there were some that did not favor slavery. In favor of slavery were William Gillmore Simms, and Caroline Hentz. Those opposed to slavery were Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry David Thoreau, and Herman Melville. All of these writers presented their views of slavery in the their literary works.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  William Simms was a supporter of slavery and this evident in his novel, â€Å"Woodcraft.† This novel takes place in the south during the closing of the Revolutionary War. Simms was born in Charleston, South Carolina, so he was raised on the souths’ position of pro-slavery. In Simms novel Woodcraft, he states, â€Å" Exhaustion not wisdom, or a better state of feeling, was the secret of the peace which was finally concluded between the two nations (America and Great Britain), and of which, South Carolina, and Charleston in particular, was eagerly expecting the benefits. (Simms 35) Great Britain had spent most of the Revolutionary War occupying Charleston and the soldiers would stay at the peoples’ home with out the homeowners consent. This angered many townspeople in Charleston and many other townspeople throughout the south. Since the war was coming to an end the people of Charleston could have their city and homes again. Also meaning plantat ion owners and slaver owners could resume back to their work of the land, which was the major source of economy in the south. During the Revolutionary War, Great Britain was re-stealing the slaves of slave owners in the south. In â€Å"Woodcraft,† it is stated, â€Å" South Carolina had already lost twenty-five thousand slaves, which British philanthropy had transferred from the rice-fields of Carolina to the sugar estates of the West India Islands; and there were yet other thousands waiting to be similarly transported.† (Simms 35,36) Great Britain was taking slaves from America to use for their sugar estates. Many slave owners were very angry with the British for this, but in hindsight the slave owners had done the same thing when they would take slaves from their families or would split slaves families up. Carolina Hentz was also a supporter of slavery. She believed that the slaves were treated well and that they were best suited as slaves. Hentz uses examples in her novel, â€Å"The Planter’s Northern Bride,† as to how well treated slaves were.

The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter essa

The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚   "This scaffold constituted a portion of a penal machine . . . . The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron" (Hawthorne 62-63). A scaffold's effect on the novel can be seen through an examination of the first, second, and third scaffold scenes.   These sections mark the beginning, middle, and end of the novel. The novel The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is constructed around a scaffold, which provides the story with a constant reminder of sin.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first scaffold scene sets the stage for the novel; it establishes who the main characters are, and where they stand in relation to each other in the story.   This scene is where Hester Prynne's sin first appears in the novel.   The "Goodwives" of the congregation discuss Hester's crime of adultery: "This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die" (Hawthorne 59).   The scaffold allows Hester Prynne's sin to be publicized and marveled at by the New Englanders.   It is here that the reader becomes aware of Hester being shunned as an outsider, when she is placed on the scaffold: "Knowing well her part, she ascended a flight of wooden steps, and was thus displayed to the surrounding multitude, at about the height of a mans shoulders above the street . . . . The unhappy culprit sustained herself as best a woman might, under the heavy weight of a thousand unrelenting eyes" (63-64).   At the same time, the first scaffold scene is the setting for the introduction of Roger Chillingworth, Hester'shusband, and establishes his desire to punish the man who has wronged both hi... ...ficant in its own way. Without the scaffold's presence, the novel, The Scarlet Letter, could not stand.    Works Cited and Consulted Brodhead, Richard H., "New and Old Tales: The Scarlet Letter," Modern Critical Views Nathaniel Hawthorne, New York, Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Dibble, Terry J., Cliff Notes on The Scarlet Letter, Lincoln, Cliff Notes, Inc., 1988. Fogle, Richard Harter, "The Scarlet Letter," Hawthorne's Fiction The Light and The Dark, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1975. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: St. Martins, 1991. Matthiessen, F.O., "The Scarlet Letter," Critics on Hawthorne, Readings in Literary Criticism: 16, Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, 1972. Matthiessen, F.O., Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Scarlet Letter, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Halls Inc., 1968. The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter essa The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚   "This scaffold constituted a portion of a penal machine . . . . The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron" (Hawthorne 62-63). A scaffold's effect on the novel can be seen through an examination of the first, second, and third scaffold scenes.   These sections mark the beginning, middle, and end of the novel. The novel The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is constructed around a scaffold, which provides the story with a constant reminder of sin.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first scaffold scene sets the stage for the novel; it establishes who the main characters are, and where they stand in relation to each other in the story.   This scene is where Hester Prynne's sin first appears in the novel.   The "Goodwives" of the congregation discuss Hester's crime of adultery: "This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die" (Hawthorne 59).   The scaffold allows Hester Prynne's sin to be publicized and marveled at by the New Englanders.   It is here that the reader becomes aware of Hester being shunned as an outsider, when she is placed on the scaffold: "Knowing well her part, she ascended a flight of wooden steps, and was thus displayed to the surrounding multitude, at about the height of a mans shoulders above the street . . . . The unhappy culprit sustained herself as best a woman might, under the heavy weight of a thousand unrelenting eyes" (63-64).   At the same time, the first scaffold scene is the setting for the introduction of Roger Chillingworth, Hester'shusband, and establishes his desire to punish the man who has wronged both hi... ...ficant in its own way. Without the scaffold's presence, the novel, The Scarlet Letter, could not stand.    Works Cited and Consulted Brodhead, Richard H., "New and Old Tales: The Scarlet Letter," Modern Critical Views Nathaniel Hawthorne, New York, Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Dibble, Terry J., Cliff Notes on The Scarlet Letter, Lincoln, Cliff Notes, Inc., 1988. Fogle, Richard Harter, "The Scarlet Letter," Hawthorne's Fiction The Light and The Dark, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1975. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: St. Martins, 1991. Matthiessen, F.O., "The Scarlet Letter," Critics on Hawthorne, Readings in Literary Criticism: 16, Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, 1972. Matthiessen, F.O., Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Scarlet Letter, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Halls Inc., 1968.